Which amendment guarantees freedom of religion?

The First Amendment is the cornerstone of individual liberties in the United States and explicitly guarantees freedom of religion. It states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. This means that individuals have the right to practice their religion freely without interference from the government. It also prevents the government from favoring one religion over another, ensuring a separation of church and state.

In contrast, the Second Amendment focuses on the right to keep and bear arms, the Fourth Amendment deals with protections against unreasonable searches and seizures, and the Ninth Amendment addresses the protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Constitution. Each of these amendments serves different purposes and does not pertain to religious freedoms, which is why they do not provide the same guarantees that the First Amendment does.