What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?

The Emancipation Proclamation was a significant document issued by President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, with the primary purpose of freeing enslaved people in the Confederate states. By announcing that slaves in areas of rebellion against the Union were to be considered free, it aimed to weaken the Confederate war effort, which relied heavily on slave labor. This proclamation not only altered the character of the war to a fight against slavery but also paved the way for the eventual passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which would formally abolish slavery in the United States.

The focus on the areas in rebellion was a strategic move, as Lincoln had no authority to free slaves in the border states that remained loyal to the Union. By targeting the Confederate states, the Proclamation sought to encourage enslaved individuals to escape or fight for their freedom, simultaneously boosting the Union's numbers with the enlistment of African American soldiers. Therefore, the essential purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation was to declare freedom for enslaved individuals where it could effectively impact the Confederate states.