What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature, which means it has two separate chambers. The correct answer identifies these two parts as the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each chamber has distinct roles, responsibilities, and powers as outlined in the U.S. Constitution.

The House of Representatives is primarily responsible for initiating legislation related to revenue and taxation, and its members serve shorter terms, which allows them to be more responsive to the electorate. Meanwhile, the Senate has the power to confirm presidential appointments, ratify treaties, and conduct impeachment trials, featuring longer terms for its members, which provides them with greater stability and continuity.

Recognizing the structure of Congress as composed of both the House and the Senate is essential for understanding how federal legislation is created and how checks and balances operate within the U.S. government system. The other choices do not accurately reflect the officially recognized titles and organization of Congress, reinforcing the importance of familiarizing oneself with the correct terminology and structure of the U.S. legislative system.